Joshua
Summary
Joshua Chapter 17 focuses on the inheritance of the half-tribe of Manasseh west of the Jordan. It explicitly mentions the daughters of Zelophehad, who successfully petitioned for an inheritance among their clans, ensuring Moses' earlier ruling was upheld. The tribes of Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh, then complain to Joshua that their allotment is too small for such a numerous and powerful people. Joshua responds by challenging them to clear the forested hill country and drive out the Canaanites in the valley, even though they have iron chariots, thereby expanding their own territory through faith and strength.
This was the allotment for the tribe of Manasseh [1] as Joseph’s firstborn, that is, for Makir, Manasseh’s firstborn. Makir was the ancestor of the Gileadites, who had received Gilead and Bashan because the Makirites were great soldiers.
So this allotment was for the rest of the people of Manasseh, the clans of Abiezer, Helek, Asriel, Shechem, Hepher and Shemida. These are the other male descendants of Manasseh son of Joseph by their clans.
Now Zelophehad son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Makir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons but only daughters, whose names were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah and Tirzah.
They went to Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun and the leaders and said, "The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our relatives." So Joshua gave them an inheritance along with the brothers of their father, according to the LORD’s command.
Manasseh’s share consisted of ten tracts of land besides Gilead and Bashan on the other side of the Jordan,
because the daughters of the tribe of Manasseh received an inheritance along with the sons. The land of Gilead belonged to the rest of the descendants of Manasseh.
The territory of Manasseh extended from Asher to Mikmethath east of Shechem. The boundary ran southward from there to include the people living at En Tappuah.
(Manasseh had the land of Tappuah, but Tappuah itself, on the boundary of Manasseh, belonged to the Ephraimites.)
Then the boundary continued south to the Kanah Ravine. There were towns belonging to Ephraim lying among the towns of Manasseh, but the boundary of Manasseh was the north side of the ravine and ended at the Mediterranean Sea.
On the south side the land belonged to Ephraim, on the north to Manasseh. The territory of Manasseh reached the Mediterranean Sea and bordered Asher on the north and Issachar on the east.
Within Issachar and Asher, Manasseh also possessed Beth Shan, Ibleam and the people of Dor, Endor, Taanach and Megiddo, together with their surrounding settlements (the third in the list is Naphoth Dor).
Yet the Manassites were not able to occupy these towns, for the Canaanites were determined to live in that region.
However, when the Israelites grew stronger, they subjected the Canaanites to forced labour but did not drive them out completely.
The people of Joseph said to Joshua, "Why have you given us only one allotment and one portion for an inheritance? We are a numerous people, and the LORD has blessed us abundantly."
"If you are so numerous," Joshua answered, "and if the hill country of Ephraim is too small for you, go up into the forest and clear land for yourselves there in the land of the Perizzites and Rephaites."
The people of Joseph replied, "The hill country is not enough for us, and all the Canaanites who live in the plain have chariots fitted with iron, both those in Beth Shan and its settlements and those in the Valley of Jezreel."
But Joshua said to the tribes of Joseph, to Ephraim and Manasseh, "You are numerous and very powerful. You will have not only one allotment
but the forested hill country as well. Clear it, and its farthest limits will be yours; though the Canaanites have iron chariots and though they are strong, you can drive them out."